Nanogels are crosslinked polymeric particles, which can be considered as hydrogels if they are composed of water soluble or swellable polymer chains. Nanogels based materials have high drug loading capacity, flexibility, biocompatibility and biodegradability which are the key points to design a drug delivery system effectively. Nanogels are emerging drug carriers for the delivery of drugs. They possess unique advantages for polymer-based drug delivery systems (DDS). Based on the polymeric systems used, different stimuli-responsive nanogels, such as pH-responsive, temperature-sensitive, light sensitive and ion-sensitive systems can be prepared. This review describes the recent developments of nanogel particles as drug delivery carriers for biological and biomedical applications. Various synthetic method for the preparation of nanogels are detailed, it include photolithographic and micro-molding methods, continuous microfluidics, fabrication of biopolymers and heterogeneous free radical polymerizations.
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